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Gateway LGBTQ+ Research Guide

What APA style guide say

  • APA: Singular “they” is covered in Section 4.18 of the APA Publication Manual, Seventh Edition
    • Always use a person’s self-identified pronoun, including when a person uses the singular “they” as their pronoun. 
    • Also use “they” as a generic third-person singular pronoun to refer to a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant to the context of the usage.
    • Do not use “he” or “she” alone as generic third-person singular pronouns. Use combination forms such as “he or she” and “she or he” only if you know that these pronouns match the people being described.
    • Do not use combination forms such as “(s)he” and “s/he.” 
    • If you do not know the pronouns of the person being described, reword the sentence to avoid a pronoun or use the pronoun “they.” 
    • For more information, go to https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/singular-they
  • Purdue Owl also provides explanations on the usage of singular "they" and their history. 

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