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Anti-racism Resources

This guide explores the causes and impacts of racism and how to be anti-racist.

Bibliography

act.tv. (2019, April 16). Systemic racism explained [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrHIQIO_bdQ&feature=youtu.be

act.tv. (2020, July 1). Understanding the racist roots of police violence [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LC1vMTMftgo&feature=youtu.be

Adams, L. (2016, December 5). Central Park was once Seneca Village, home to a thriving free Black Community. Atlas Obscura. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/central-park-was-once-seneca-village-home-to-a-thriving-free-black-community?fbclid=IwAR2q8brcltE_erxbjOZ7-HC9YBae8FyLWmpNYhGtbE3XCegcsYNWH1nFe5w

Adams, M., Bell, L. A., & Griffin, P. (1997). Teaching for diversity and social justice: A sourcebook. Routledge.

A different Asian American timeline. (n.d.). ChangeLab. https://aatimeline.com/

AJ+. (2017, October 8). Why do we call Asian Americans the model minority? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrDbvSSbxk8&feature=youtu.be

AJ+. (2021, March 25). The roots of Anti-Asian racism [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJI5veSM13Y&feature=youtu.be

American Experience, PBS. (2018a, May 8). United States v. Wong Kim Ark | The Chinese Exclusion Act [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6y487b7mQj0&feature=youtu.be

American Experience, PBS. (2018b, May 29). What was the impact of the Chinese Exclusion Act? | The Chinese Exclusion Act [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FbBatK7JWYc&feature=youtu.be

AmericanForum. (2015, April 2). Was 1960’s urban renewal “Negro Removal”? YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ooobb65pBW4&feature=youtu.be

Anti Chinese race riot. (2020, November 4). [Video]. PBS.Org. https://www.pbs.org/video/anti-chinese-race-riot-5urrth/

Ariel, C. (2020, May 29). For our white friends desiring to be allies. Sojourners. https://sojo.net/articles/our-white-friends-desiring-be-allies

Arizona State University. (2017, May 31). Asian American 101: “Positive” stereotypes cause harm: Arizona State University (ASU) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9M7L5FWdY4U&feature=youtu.be

AsapScience. (2018, November 12). The science of racism | Creators for Change [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBWImda1Zig&feature=youtu.be

Asare, J. G. (2022, April 14). What is fetishization and how does it contribute to racism? Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/janicegassam/2021/02/07/what-is-fetishization-and-how-does-it-contribute-to-racism/?sh=3363ef256e39

Asare, M. (2017, April 14). Debunking the myth of color blindness in a racist society –. The Bowdoin Orient. https://bowdoinorient.com/2017/04/13/debunking-the-myth-of-color-blindness-in-a-racist-society/

Ball, C. (2012, October 4). Tokenism, racial stereotypes & why we need more directors of color. MadameNoire. https://madamenoire.com/221507/tokenism-racial-stereotypes-why-we-need-more-directors-of-color/

Barndt, J. R. (1991). Dismantling racism: The continuing challenge to white America. Augsburg.

Berry, D. R. (2018, February 3). Opinion | Beyond the slave trade, the cadaver trade. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/03/opinion/sunday/cadavers-slavery-medical-schools.html

Big Think. (2016, May 7). US Anti-Drug laws aren’t scientific — They’re colonialist and racist | Big Think [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jn5YyGzQ7SU&feature=youtu.be

Born in Slavery: Slave narratives from the Federal Writers’ Project, 1936 to 1938. (n.d.). The Library of Congress Digital Collections. https://www.loc.gov/collections/slave-narratives-from-the-federal-writers-project-1936-to-1938/

Boston Medical Center. (2020, April 27). COVID-19 and racism: Changing predictable outcomes | HealthCity [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QCwStGD7hbw&feature=youtu.be

Bouie, J., & Onion, R. (Host). (2019, October 10). The history of American slavery (Audio podcast). Slate Magazine. https://slate.com/podcasts/history-of-american-slavery

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2019, August 20). black code. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/black-code

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2021, October 18). Japanese American internmentEncyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Japanese-American-internment

Brown, D. (2017, May 16). ‘You’ve got bad blood’: The horror of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/16/youve-got-bad-blood-the-horror-of-the-tuskegee-syphilis-experiment/

Brownlee, D. (2019, October 18). The dangers of mistaking diversity for inclusion in the workplace. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/danabrownlee/2019/09/15/the-dangers-of-mistaking-diversity-for-inclusion-in-the-workplace/?sh=3a1b25c94d86

BuzzFeed. (2016, November 27). The largest lynching in US history [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpZZf7K12pU&feature=youtu.be

Byrne, C. (2021, August 23). The BMI is racist and Useless. Here’s how to measure health instead. HuffPost UK. https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/bmi-scale-racist-health_l_5f15a8a8c5b6d14c336a43b0?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly90aGVtaWdodHkuY29tLzIwMjAvMDcvYm1pLW1lYXN1cmUtcmFjaXN0LXNleGlzdC1oYXJtaW5nLWJsYWNrLXdvbWVuLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAKBhVjcPjNLx1-okvlqS4tlhmG3xj9t7EVGm7GLtTcA0Gh_Geb7DKws54RuKtQHO_XMvpc7Z8LcmQK_ldp6RXYoz0Oclp3rxWd4pXfLi4Pq6-xMx3_M4tDARZDTFtPP5hE2zDbv8LnzVIB31k4gwohqPp-OcxYQ6ccD9RIAJytCi

Carolina Asia Center presents: “Yellow Peril” and Anti-Asian prejudice in the shadow of Coronavirus. (2020, May 19). [Video]. Vimeo. https://player.vimeo.com/video/420534366?title=0&byline=0&portrait=0

CBS News. (2020, March 2). Racial profiling 2.0 | Full documentary [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAoe22-r-QQ&feature=youtu.be

Chang, Maggie, "Made in the USA: Rewriting Images of the Asian Fetish" (2006). Undergraduate Humanities Forum 2005-6: Word & Image. 6. https://repository.upenn.edu/uhf_2006/6

Chescaleigh. (2014, November 22). 5 tips for being an ally [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dg86g-QlM0&feature=youtu.be

Coates, R. D. (2011). Covert racism: Theories, institutions, and experiences. Leiden: Brill.

Coates, T. (2014, June). The case for reparations. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/

Cohen, A. (2015, August 12). How white users made heroin a public-health problem. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/08/crack-heroin-and-race/401015/

Coleman, A. (2016). Theology, Race and Libraries.
Collins, S. (n.d.). LibGuides: Anti-Oppression: Anti-Racism. Retrieved May 9, 2022, from https://simmons.libguides.com/anti-oppression/anti-racism

Corsini, R. (2002;2016;2001;). The dictionary of psychology. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315781501

Dear Asian Youth. (2020, August 5). Discrimination against Asian Americans in history [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pGBhjYajKA&feature=youtu.be

Debunking the model minority myth. (n.d.). USC Pacific Asia Museum. https://pacificasiamuseum.usc.edu/exhibitions/online-exhibitions/debunking-the-model-minority-myth/

Devine, P. G., & Elliot, A. J. (1995). Are racial stereotypes really fading? The Princeton trilogy revisited. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(11), 1139–1150. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672952111002
DiAngelo, R. J. (2016). What does it mean to be white? Developing white racial literacy (Revised edition). Peter Lang.

Do, A. (2021, March 16). Study shows rise in anti-Asian attacks during COVID-19. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-16/anti-asian-hate-pandemic

Douglas, L. (2017, June 26). African Americans have lost untold acres of land over the last century. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/african-americans-have-lost-acres/

Duma, N. (2018, December 13). “This Diversity Is Not Real”: How to tell if your program’s diversity is a hologram. Op-Med. https://opmed.doximity.com/articles/this-diversity-is-not-real-how-to-tell-if-your-program-s-diversity-is-a-hologram?_csrf_attempted=yes#:%7E:text=Tokenism%20is%20the%20word%20used,of%20diversity%20in%20an%20institution.&text=The%20problem%20with%20tokenism%20is,inclusion%20policies%20of%20the%20institution

Elias, S. (2015). Racism, overt. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Nationalism, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118663202.wberen398

Elliott, M., & Hughes, J. (2021, November 9). A brief history of slavery that you didn’t learn in school. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/19/magazine/history-slavery-smithsonian.html?mtrref=cscu.libapps.com&gwh=AC16AA20DEDC9CDAD18BBCC099C5D618&gwt=pay&assetType=PAYWALL

Eminent Domain. (n.d.). LII / Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/eminent_domain

Emmanuel, A. (2016, April 10). 10 common expressions that are actually racist as hell. ATTN:. https://archive.attn.com/stories/6951/common-words-and-phrases-that-are-racist?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=rerun3&utm_campaign=reruns

Equal Justice Initiative. (2015, July 7). Slavery to Mass Incarceration [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4e_djVSag4&feature=youtu.be

Eschner, K. (2017, December 19). This American doctor pioneered abdominal surgery by operating on enslaved women. Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/father-abdominal-surgery-practiced-enslaved-women-180967589/

Evans, A., Chun, E., & Cmaadmin (EDU). (2008, March 3). Demythologizing diversity in higher education. Diverse: Issues In Higher Education. https://www.diverseeducation.com/faculty-staff/article/15086765/demythologizing-diversity-in-higher-education

“Everyday Racism in America”: Watch MSNBC’s full town hall. (2021, May 27). [Video]. MSNBC. https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/embedded-video/mmvo44407365845

Fitchburgh State University Amelia V. Gallucci-Cirio Library. (2021, November 2). Research help: Anti-racism resources: Historical roots of american racism. Anti-Racism Resources. https://fitchburgstate.libguides.com/c.php?g=1046516&p=7739449

Fleetwood, N. R. (2020, August 7). Racist police practices like mug shots normalize the criminalization of Black Americans. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/racist-police-practices-mug-shots-normalize-criminalization-black-americans-ncna1235694

Foderaro, L. W. (2013, February 7). Unearthing an African-American village displaced by Central Park. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/28/nyregion/unearthing-an-african-american-village-displaced-by-central-park.html?_r=1

Ford, T., Reber, S., & Reeves, R. (2022, March 9). Race gaps in COVID-19 deaths are even bigger than they appear. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/06/16/race-gaps-in-covid-19-deaths-are-even-bigger-than-they-appear/

Fullilove, M. T., & Wallace, R. (2011). Serial forced displacement in American cities, 1916-2010. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine88(3), 381–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-011-9585-2

Gal, S., Kiersz, A., Mark, M., Su, R., & Ward, M. (2020, July 8). 26 simple charts to show friends and family who aren’t convinced racism is still a problem in America. Business Insider Nederland. https://www.businessinsider.nl/us-systemic-racism-in-charts-graphs-data-2020-6?international=true&r=US

GBH Forum Network. (2019, March 6). A study in medical and scientific racism in America [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTniVzGBj5w&feature=youtu.be

Gee, G. C., & Ford, C. L. (2011). Structural racism and health inequities: Old Issues, New Directions. Du Bois review : social science research on race8(1), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742058X11000130

Godfrey, B., & Soper, S. (2018, May 22). Prison records from 1800s Georgia show mass incarceration’s racially charged beginnings. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/prison-records-from-1800s-georgia-show-mass-incarcerations-racially-charged-beginnings-96612

Gordon, K. (2019, July 23). Multiculturalism is better than colorblindness. Camp Kupugani. https://campkupugani.com/multiculturalism-better-colorblindness/

Graham, V. (2015, June 3). Urban Renewal. . .Means Negro Removal. ~ James Baldwin (1963) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8Abhj17kYU&feature=youtu.be

Gramlich, J. (2021, August 18). America’s incarceration rate falls to lowest level since 1995. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/08/16/americas-incarceration-rate-lowest-since-1995/

Gross, T. (2017, May 3). A “Forgotten History” of how the U.S. government segregated America. NPR. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2017/05/03/526655831/a-forgotten-history-of-how-the-u-s-government-segregated-america

Handler, J., & Lovejoy, H. (n.d.). Slavery Images: A visual record of the African slave trade and slave life in the early African diaspora. Slavery Images. http://slaveryimages.org/s/slaveryimages/page/welcome

Hannah-Jones, N. (2021, November 9). America wasn’t a democracy, until black Americans made it one. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/14/magazine/black-history-american-democracy.html?mtrref=cscu.libapps.com&gwh=667203557A3E266EF0A95506392EFA28&gwt=pay&assetType=PAYWALL

Hannah-Jones, N. (Host). (2020, June 10). 1619 [Audio podcast]. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/podcasts/1619-podcast.html

Harris, T. W. (2017, January 27). The real work of being an ally. The Cut. https://www.thecut.com/2017/01/the-real-work-of-being-an-ally.html

Harris-Taylor, M. (2017, November 17). From overt to covert racism - How professional black women still suffer from a lingering legacy of bias [Video]. Ideastream Public Media. https://www.ideastream.org/news/from-overt-to-covert-racism-how-professional-black-women-still-suffer-from-a-lingering-legacy-of-bias

Health equity considerations and racial and ethnic minority groups. (2022, January 25). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/race-ethnicity.html

History. (2019, February 7). Life aboard a slave ship | History [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PmQvofAiZGA&feature=youtu.be

Harris, A. M. (2017, January 10). Mandatory minimum sentencing. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/tosv2.html?vid=&uuid=7cc81910-d6ab-11ec-a007-74536f426c58&url=L3F1aWNrdGFrZS9tYW5kYXRvcnktbWluaW11bS1zZW50ZW5jaW5n

Harris, D. (2020, January 21). Racial profiling: Past, present, and future? American Bar Association. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/criminal_justice/publications/criminal-justice-magazine/2020/winter/racial-profiling-past-present-and-future/

Hartman, T., Hart, S., Marte, J., & Schneider, H. (2020, July 16). The Race Gap: How U.S. systemic racism plays out in Black lives. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-race-usa/the-race-gap-how-u-s-systemic-racism-plays-out-in-black-lives-idUSKCN24F1A0

Hawkins, B. D. (2017, April 5). Relatives of the men who endured the syphilis study speak out. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/relatives-syphilis-study-break-their-silence-n742566

HBS Working Knowledge. (2014, August 18). The case against racial color blindness in the workplace. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/hbsworkingknowledge/2013/01/20/the-case-against-racial-colorblindness-in-the-workplace/?sh=24fdfbe36a6f

Henry, F., & Tator, C. (2006). Racial profiling in canada: Challenging the myth of 'A few bad apples'. University of Toronto Press. https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442678972

History. (2017, October 10). Japanese-American Internment During WWII [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZTioTkHcB0&feature=youtu.be

Ho, V. (2021, March 17). Asian Americans reported 3,800 hate-related incidents during the pandemic, report finds. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/mar/16/asian-americans-hate-incidents-pandemic-study

Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R., & Oliver, M. N. (2016). Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(16), 4296–4301. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516047113

Hoppe, T. (2018). “Spanish Flu”: When infectious disease names blur origins and stigmatize those infected. American Journal of Public Health, 108(11), 1462–1464. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2018.304645

How to tell the difference between real solidarity and ‘Ally theater.’ (2017, February 16). Black Girl Dangerous. http://www.blackgirldangerous.com/2015/11/ally-theater/

Howard, J. (2020, December 18). Racism contributes to Covid-19’s “double whammy” impact on the Black community, Fauci says. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/06/23/health/coronavirus-pandemic-racism-fauci-bn/index.html

Hoyt, C. (2012). The Pedagogy of the Meaning of Racism: Reconciling a Discordant Discourse. Social Work, 57(3), 225–234. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/sws009

HuffPost. (2015, September 1). “Reverse Racism” is a giant lie – here’s why [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w0LFYhedo0&feature=youtu.be

iHeart Media. (2015, November 3). Stereotypology: Submissive China dolls [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vuqa1qj6MrA&feature=youtu.be

Illing, S. (2020, March 4). Coronavirus: why pandemics activate xenophobia. Vox. https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/3/4/21157825/coronavirus-pandemic-xenophobia-racism

International Labor Office. (2001). International Migration, Racism, Discrimination and Xenophobia. https://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/migration/taskforce/docs/wcar.pdf

Irving, D. (2016, July 20). Living with racial battle fatigue. Literary Hub. https://lithub.com/living-with-racial-battle-fatigue/

Isoymilk. (2020, June 5). DELETE YOUR BLACK SQUARES! | A lesson on performative allyship [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKacJiUggFI&feature=youtu.be

Jezebel. (2020, February 22). Turn performative wokeness into allyship. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ms02RwM_oCI&feature=youtu.be

Jilani, Z. (2021, March 18). Why are Asian Americans being attacked and what can you do about it? Greater Good Magazine. https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/why_are_asian_americans_being_attacked_and_what_can_you_do_about_it

Johnson. (2020, June 18). Language is a telling clue to unacknowledged racial attitudes. The Economist. https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2020/06/12/language-is-a-telling-clue-to-unacknowledged-racial-attitudes

Kahn, A., & Bouie, J. (2021, September 16). The Atlantic slave trade in two minutes (Interactive map & timeline). Slate Magazine. https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2021/09/atlantic-slave-trade-history-animated-interactive.html

Kahn, A., & Kirk, C. (2015, August 10). There’s blatant inequality at nearly every phase of the criminal justice system. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/theres-blatant-inequality-at-nearly-every-phase-of-the-criminal-justice-system-2015-8?international=true&r=US&IR=T

Kain, E. (2011, October 27). The war on drugs is a war on minorities and the poor. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/erikkain/2011/06/28/the-war-on-drugs-is-a-war-on-minorities-and-the-poor/?sh=55a9eb2b624c

Kann, D. (2019, April 21). America still locks up more people than anywhere else in the world. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2018/06/28/us/mass-incarceration-five-key-facts/index.html

Kenny, S. (2015, June 11). How black slaves were routinely sold as ‘specimens’ to ambitious white doctors. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/how-black-slaves-were-routinely-sold-as-specimens-to-ambitious-white-doctors-43074

King, N. (2020, July 1). What systemic racism means and the way it harms communities [Radio broadcast transcript]. NPR. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2020/07/01/885878564/what-systemic-racism-means-and-the-way-it-harms-communities

Kolitz, D., & Ismail, A. (2015, December 16). The lingering effects of NYC’s racist city planning. Hopes&Fears. http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopes/now/politics/216905-the-lingering-effects-of-nyc-racist-city-planning

Kwong, E., Demby, G., & Ramirez, R. (2021, March 18). The U.S. has a history of linking disease with race and ethnicity [Audio broadcast transcript]. NPR. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2021/03/18/978783879/the-u-s-has-a-history-of-linking-disease-with-race-and-ethnicity

Lamont, A. (n.d.). The guide to allyship. The Guide to Allyship. https://guidetoallyship.com/#what-is-an-ally

Late Night with Seth Meyers. (2019, August 13). George Takei was sent to a Japanese-American internment camp at age five [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iLvLhy1RUQ&feature=youtu.be

L.A. Times. (2020, April 27). An epidemic of hate: anti-Asian hate crimes amid coronavirus [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nlenypkMww&feature=youtu.be

Learn Liberty. (2020, June 3). Racial inequality in the criminal justice system [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zf-4iE4vzgM&feature=youtu.be

Lepore, J. (2020, July 13). The invention of the police. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police

Lewan, T., & Barclay, D. (2001, December 2). When they steal your land, they steal your future. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-dec-02-mn-10514-story.html

Limbong, A. (2020, June 8). Microaggressions are a big deal: How to talk them out and when to walk away. NPR. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/08/872371063/microaggressions-are-a-big-deal-how-to-talk-them-out-and-when-to-walk-away

Liu, A. (2020, August 13). No, you’re not imagining it: 3 ways racial microaggressions sneak into our lives. Everyday Feminism. https://everydayfeminism.com/2015/02/ways-racial-microaggressions-sneak-in/

Liu, J. (2021, March 18). How to take action against anti-Asian racism at work and in your personal life. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/18/how-to-take-action-against-anti-asian-racism.html

Lockhart, P. R. (2018, August 1). Race, police, and the dangers of #LivingWhileBlack. Vox. https://www.vox.com/explainers/2018/8/1/17616528/racial-profiling-police-911-living-while-black

Lockwood, B. (2020, June 16). The history of redlining. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/redlining-definition-4157858

Lopez, G. (2017, November 17). Report: black men get longer sentences for the same federal crime as white men. Vox. https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/11/17/16668770/us-sentencing-commission-race-booker

Lu, C. (2013, June 3). Why Yellow Fever is different than “Having a type.” The Bold Italic. https://thebolditalic.com/why-yellow-fever-is-different-than-having-a-type-the-bold-italic-san-francisco-36ed29359dfb?gi=450bbb949c9a

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