Below are some basics. For citing sources not mentioned here, consult the downloadable CSE handout on this page. 

Books

Author(s) or editor(s). Title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Extent. 

Example: 

Voet D, Voet JG. Biochemistry. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1990. 1223 p.

e-Books

Author(s). Title of book. Edition. Place of publication: publisher; date of publication [date updated; date accessed]. Notes [the place to mention that only Chap. 3 was used, e.g.]. 

Website

Title of website. Place of publication: publisher; date of publication [date updated; date cited]. URL.

Example:

APSnet: plant pathology online. St. Paul (MN): American Phytopathological Association; c1994-2005 [cited 2005 Jun 20]. http://www.apsnet.org/.

Journal Articles (found online or in a library database) 

Author(s). Title of article. Title of journal. Date of publication [date updated; date cited];volume(issue):pages. URL.

Example:

Savage E, Ramsay M, White J, Beard S, Lawson H, Hunjan R, Brown D. Mumps outbreaks across England and Wales in 2004: observational study. BMJ. 2005 [cited 2005 May 31];330(7500):1119-1120. http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/reprint/330/7500/1119doi:10.1136.330.7500.1119

NOTE: If the material is from a subscription database (e.g., Academic Search Premier), after listing the URL write Subscription required.

Generative AI 

The Council of Science Editors recommends treating AI-generated content as personal communication. Personal communication advice is as follows:

• Cite personal communication in-text only, NOT in the References section
• Include a description of the content that was created or edited and the name of the language model or tool, version and extension numbers, and manufacturer

Example: I wanted to see how it would respond to a prompt to "create a nonexistent dinosaur" (ChatGPT [OpenAI], response to question from author, 6 April 2023).

Plagiarism occurs when you use another person’s words or ideas and present them as your own, intentionally or unintentionally.

To find out more, you can watch this video.