The rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct.  

Understand Your Assignment

Look at your assignment carefully to see the specific requirements. How many pages? What types of sources can you use? What is the purpose of the paper? If you have any questions talk to your instructor.

Choosing a Topic

You want a topic that's not too big and not too small. Do a little research before you commit to a topic. Make sure there is information on the topic and it's something that you find interesting. Try searching some reference books for background information.