General Format

Author of the article. "Title of the Article or webpage." Name of the Container or Website in Which the

Information Appeared, other contributors if any, Publisher if different from name of container, Day Month Year, url.

Example citing country information from the CIA World Factbook website

Note: When no author is listed, MLA style starts with the next citation component, the title of the article.  Standardize title punctuation.  Write out Central Intelligence Agency - do not shortcut to "CIA."  Look for the date under the article title.  

"South America: Chile." The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 20 Feb.

2024, https://https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/.

General Format

Author of the article. "Title of the Article or Webpage." Name of the Container or Website in which the

Information Appeared, other Named contributors if any, Publisher if different from name of container, day Month year, url.

Example citing country information from a Ministry of Tourism website

Note: When no author is listed, MLA style starts with the next citation component, the title of the article.  Look for the date under the article title or at the bottom of the page.  If there is no date, skip this component.  List the publisher only if different from the website name (in this example, they are one and the same).

"Ethnic Food and Drinks." Kazakhstan: At the Crossroad of the Worlds, Committee of Tourism Industry of

the Ministry of Tourism and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan, http://www.kazakhstan-

tourist.isd.kz/page.php?page_id=550&lang=2.

General Format

Photographer's name or name of artist, if known. Photo of Actual Title of the Image in Italics or if no title given, your own

description in plain text. Date photo taken, if known. Name of Library Database, day Month year published in the

database, url.

Example: citing an image  found in a library database: Britannica imageQuest

Note: In this example, all elements are provided by the suggested citation found in the database, but corrections were made in punctuation and capitalization.

Laman,Tim. Photo of Equatorial Guinea. 2008. Britannica ImageQuest, 25 May 2016.

quest.eb.com/search/equatorial-guinea/1/138_1145079/Equatorial-Guinea/more.

General Format

Photographer's name or name of artist. Photo of Actual Title of the Image in Italics or if no title given, your own description in

plain text.  Date photo taken, if known. Name of Container or Website, Publisher name if different from name of

website, day Month year, url.

Example: citing a map or flag found on the CIA World Factbook website

Note: In this example, the photographer's name is not provided.  Skip this element and start with the next. 

Photo of Flag of Kazakhstan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency,

6 April 2020,  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html.

Examples: citing images found on a Ministry of Tourism website

Note: In this example, the image was found in a separate photo gallery on the official government tourism website. No photographer's name was provided and the image had no caption or title. When the website does not give a title to an image, create your own description and do not italicize or use quotation marks around your description.  

Photo of wildflowers and mountains in the Almaty Oblast. Kazakhstan: At the Crossroad of the

Worlds. Committee of Tourism Industry of the Ministry of Tourism and Sports of the Republic of

Kazakhstan,  http://www.kazakhstan-tourist.isd.kz/page.php?

page_id=116&gallery_id=105&lang=2&image=317.

Note: In this example, the image was included in an article found on the website.  Once again, the image had no title, no photo credit was provided, and the photographer's name is not known. You have to create your own description.  Since the URL takes the user to the article, and not directly to the photo, you'll also need to include information about the article in the citation. 

Photo of people dancing at the annual marigold festival. In "Holidays and Festivals throughout the Year." XYZ

Country Festival Calendar, Ministry of Culture of the Republic of XYZ, 8 Feb. 2019, www.xyzculture.gob.en.

Never cite Google as a source!  Trace the image down to its original posting, whether that's on a website or blog.  If you are using a photo-sharing website (e.g. Flickr or Wikimedia Commons), trace the image down to the posting-user's photo-sharing page and check their credibility and credentials.

General Format

Photographer's name or name of artist. Photo of Actual Title of the Image in Italics or if no title given, your own description in 

plain text. Date photo taken, if known.  Name of  Container or Website, Publisher name if different from name of

website, day Month year, url.

Example: citing an image found on the the photo-sharing site, Wikimedia Commons

Note: In this example, the photographer gave the image its title, so the title is in italics. Notice there are two dates: the date the photo was taken and the date the photo was posted to Wikimedia.  I traced the user to his Wikimedia page and found that he is a prolific photographer of nature in the area of Kazakstan. I judged his photos to be credible.

Mottl, Dmitry A. Photo of Altay Mountains Kazakhstan Markakol Reserve Kara-Koba River. May

2008. Wikimedia Commons, 3 Feb. 2009,  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kazakhstan_Altay_3.jpg.

Example: citing an image found on the the photo-sharing site, Flickr

Note: In this example, there is no known date for the photo; the photographer gave the photograph its title, so the image title is in italics. Flickr is owned by SmugMug.

Fernandez, Diego. Photo of Chinicuiles. Flickr, SmugMug, Dec. 2017, Flickr.com/photos/diegofg.